Está chegando a grande premiação do cinema estadunidense: o Oscar. Vamos aproveitar para aprender mais sobre as origens do prêmio?
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The Academy Awards
The Academy Awards, popularly known as the Oscars, are awards for artistic and technical merit in the film industry. They are considered the world's most famous and prestigious awards in the entertainment industry. The awards are given annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). The members of the Academy vote in all categories. The winners receive a copy of a golden statuette as a trophy - the famous Oscar.
The first ceremony was held in 1929. Back then, the winners were announced to the media three months before the award evening. That was changed for the second ceremony in 1930, when the results were given to newspapers for publication at 11pm on the night of the awards. This method was used until 1940, when the Los Angeles Times announced the winners before the ceremony began. Since 1941 the Academy uses sealed envelopes to reveal the names of the winners.
The first ceremony only had 12 categories: Outstanding Picture, Best Unique and Artistic Picture, Best Directing (Comedy Picture), Best Directing (Dramatic Picture), Best Actor, Best Actress, Best Writing (Original Story), Best Writing (Adaptation), Best Art Direction, Best Cinematography, Best Engineering Effects and Best Writing (Title Writing).
Today, the ceremony has a total of 24 categories: best picture, actor, actress, supporting actor, supporting actress, directing, original screenplay, adapted screenplay, cinematography, production design, editing, original score, original song, costume design, makeup and hairstyling, sound mixing, sound editing, visual effects, international film, animated feature film, animated short, live-action short, documentary feature, and documentary short.
The academy also presents scientific and technical awards, special achievement awards, honorary awards, the Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award, the Irving G. Thalberg Memorial Award (for excellence in producing), and the Gordon E. Sawyer Award (for technological contributions). These are given during a separate event that takes place before the Academy Awards ceremony.
The Academy officially adopted the name "Oscar" for the trophies in 1939. One theory says that Bette Davis, who was president of the Academy in 1941, named the award after her first husband, band leader Harmon Oscar Nelson. Another theory involves Margaret Herrick, the Academy executive secretary. When she first saw the award in 1931, she said the statuette reminded her of "Uncle Oscar", a nickname for her cousin Oscar Pierce.
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